Fabrication and Characterization of Highly Oriented Composite Nanofibers with Excellent Mechanical Strength and Thermal Stability

Here, highly‐oriented poly(m‐phenylene isophthalamide)/polyacrylonitrile multi‐walled carbon nanotube (PMIA/PAN‐MWCNT) composite nanofiber membranes with excellent mechanical strength and thermal stability are successfully produced using electrospinning. It is demonstrated that the cooperation of multi‐walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT) and high‐speed rotating collection is beneficial to the acquisition of highly oriented fibers and effectively improves the mechanical strength of the membrane along the orientation direction. Specifically, the tensile stress of poly(m‐phenylene isophthalamide)/polyacrylonitrile (PMIA/PAN) membrane is enhanced significantly from 10.6 to 20.7 MPa, benefiting from the highly oriented alignment of the fibers as well as the reinforcing effect of MWCNTs on the fibers. Furthermore, the stressing process of single fiber and fiber aggregates is carefully simulated, and the influence of MWCNTs on the mechanical properties of PMIA/PAN‐MWCNT membranes is analyzed comprehensively, providing a meaningful auxiliary means for the study of mechanical properties. In addition, the composite nanofiber membrane has the advantages of both PMIA and PAN, possessing high temperature resistance, flame‐retardancy, and chemical stability, for an ideal high‐temperature material. In short, the as‐prepared PMIA/PAN‐MWCNT composite membrane with excellent comprehensive property emerges a promising application in many fields, especially in high‐tech.     

碳纤维复合材料修复带缺陷储气井的应力分析及试验研究

针对天然气储气井井管外壁腐蚀现状,采用有限元计算方法,分析不同外壁腐蚀类型、不同腐蚀缺陷尺寸下储气井井管的应力分布、承载极限及疲劳性能;加工带缺陷储气井井管试件,选择碳纤维复合材料湿缠绕法补强修复;对修复后的井管试件进行有限元应力分析,并进行爆破试验和疲劳试验,以充分验证补强方法的有效性;储气井井管的理论分析和性能试验证明,碳纤维复合材料湿缠绕法补强可以有效地修复带外壁缺陷的储气井井管,有效、快捷地解决在役天然气储气井井管外壁腐蚀问题。     

Polystyrene latex particles bearing primary amine groups via soap‐free emulsion polymerization

Polystyrene latexes were prepared in the presence of an amino‐containing functional comonomer, N‐(3‐aminopropyl)methacrylamide hydrochloride (APMH), via soap‐free batch emulsion polymerization initiated by the cationic initiator 2,2′‐azobis(2‐amidinopropane) dihydrochloride. These latexes were characterized by studying the influence of the ionic comonomers on the polymerization kinetics, particle size, surface charge density and colloidal properties. The synthesized latexes were monodisperse with a final size between 100 and 600 nm depending on the APMH concentration. The initial polymerization rate and the particle number increased in accordance with the Smith–Ewart theory for soap‐free styrene emulsion polymerization with a hydrophilic functional comonomer. The final functionalization rate of the particles has been particularly studied with the intention of fitting the prepared latexes to be used in the immobilization of biological molecules for biological sample preparation and diagnostic applications. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry     

金属基聚合物内衬复合压力容器界面剥离失效及预防

基于构建的裂纹剥离扩展失效过程的模拟方法，提出了预测临界载荷的方法，并通过界面的临界应变能释放率与损伤起始应力，构建了预防界面裂纹剥离扩展失效的等值临界真空压力约束预防控制线和设计准则。结果表明，临界压力载荷受控于界面初始预裂纹长度、复合界面的临界应变能释放率（GIC）和损伤起始应力（T0），与界面初始预裂纹长度呈负关联关系，而与临界应变能释放率与损伤起始应力呈正关联关系；当初始预裂纹长度由11.11 %增至15.55 %时，临界压力载荷（Pc）由87.6 kPa降至为57 kPa，降幅为34.9 %；内衬界面剥离韧性参数（T0，GIC）的坐标点位于等值临界真空压力约束控制线之上，可有效预防内衬界面剥离扩展失效。     

PP/PCL/石墨/碳纳米管复合材料的制备及电性能分析

采用熔融共混法制备了石墨（G）、碳纳米管（CNTs）与聚丙烯（PP）、聚己内酯（PCL）导电复合材料，通过改变G的添加量制备了系列导电复合材料。主要测试了熔体流动速率、力学性能、导电性能、电热性能，并进行了电子显微镜观察结构、差示扫描量热法分析、热失重分析。结果表明，PCL与PP混合后，PP的拉伸强度提升了4.375 MPa，在加入G/CNTs之后，力学性能受影响较大下降了约73.5 %；G/CNTs的加入还能有效降低PP的电阻率，使其从绝缘体变为半导体材料电阻率为7.83×10⁶ Ω·m；PP与PCL共混后复合材料的热稳定性得到了显著提高，初始分解温度从368.88 ℃升高至398.95 ℃，在加入G/CNTs管后又进一步提高至408.78 ℃。     

Synthesis of hexacelsian barium aluminosilicate by film boiling chemical vapour process

An original oxide/oxide ceramic-matrix composite containing mullite-based fibers and a barium aluminosilicate matrix has been synthesized by the film boiling chemical vapour infiltration process. Alkoxides were used as liquid precursors for aluminum, silicon and barium oxides. The structure and microstructure of the oxide matrix were characterized by Scanning Electron Microscopy, Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction. Apart from small residual mullite and amorphous phase amounts, the oxide matrix is composed of the hexacelsian phase, conferring to the material interesting perspectives for high-temperature electromagnetic and structural applications.     

薄煤层复合顶板巷道支护参数优化研究

以滨湖煤矿12210工作面材料巷为研究背景,在原有巷道支护方案的基础上,提出了2种巷道支护参数优化方案。运用FLAC3D数值模拟软件对原方案、方案1、方案2进行了分析对比。通过对不同方案下的巷道垂直、水平应力和位移云图分析研究发现,支护方案2为最优方案。方案2的支护密度相对原方案有所降低,因此,方案2在一定程度上节约了滨湖煤矿的支护费用和施工成本,提高了企业的经济效益。     

Magnetoelectric,magnetodielectric effect and dielectric,magnetic properties of microwave-sintered lead-free x(Co0.9Ni0.1Fe2O4)-(1-x)[0.5(Ba0.7Ca0.3TiO3)-0.5(BaZr0.2Ti0.8O3)] particulate multiferroic composite

Materials with two distinct (magnetostrictive-ferroelectric) phases, i.e., x (Co_0·9Ni_0·1Fe₂O₄) -(1-x) [0.5 (Ba_0·7Ca_0·3TiO₃) −0.5 (BaZr_0·2Ti_0·8O₃)], combined at ratios of 10:90, 20:80, 30:70, and 40:60 were prepared using a hydroxide coprecipitation method. These multiferroic composites were subjected to sintering via the hybrid microwave sintering technique at 1200 °C for 20 min. Ni-substituted CFO exhibited excellent magnetic properties at room temperature, with Ms ≈ 80 emu/g, μB ≈ 3.37, Mr ≈ 19.05 emu/g, and Hc ≈ 599 Oe, as well as a high value of the magnetostriction coefficient (λ12 ≈ −118 ppm). The magnetostrictive-ferroelectric crystal phases in each composite were confirmed via X-ray diffraction analysis. The highest value of the linear magneto-electric coefficient was α = 21.6 mV/cm-Oe at a frequency of 1 kHz for the 40CNFO-60(BCT-BZT) composite, and a similar sample had the highest value of the magnetodielectric coefficient, which was approximately 3.3% at f = 1 kHz with an applied magnetic field of 1 T. The typical ferromagnetic and ferroelectric nature of each composite was confirmed by M − H and P–E hysteresis loops, respectively at room temperature. Two anomalies were observed in the temperature-dependent dielectric permittivity one at ~140 °C and another above 500 °C confirming the coexistence of two materials with distinct transition points, i.e., BCT-BZT and CNFO, respectively.     

锂电池回收再生石墨增强水泥性能研究

废弃锂离子电池的负极活性材料主要为石墨,现阶段对于废弃锂离子电池中的石墨主要采用填埋等方法进行处理,造成了资源的浪费和环境的污染。现有的研究表明,废弃锂离子电池中的石墨经高温热解及酸浸处理后可以得到纯净的再生石墨,采用再生石墨增强水泥基复合材料的力学性能和电学性能。结果表明：再生石墨的引入可以增强材料的抗压性能和抗折性能,最大增幅分别达到了57.3%和84.4%。此外,再生石墨的加入有效降低了材料的电阻率,减少了极化时间,当再生石墨的掺加量为3%时,养护28 d后材料的电阻率仅为249 Ω·cm。该复合材料还具有典型的压敏特性。所制备的复合材料有望用于混凝土材料结构的实时动态监测。此外,对于废弃锂离子电池的全组分回收利用及功能水泥材料的研发具有重要意义。     

MAPP/EAA处理对聚丙烯/小麦秸秆粉复合材料性能的影响

研究了马来酸酐接枝聚丙烯（MAPP）、乙烯丙烯酸共聚物（EAA）处理对聚丙烯（PP） /小麦秸秆粉（WSP）复合材料性能的影响。结果表明，随着体系中MAPP质量份数的增加，PP/WSP的拉伸强度和弯曲强度均逐渐增大，但冲击强度却先增加后减小，复合材料达到塑化峰的时间逐渐延长；使用EAA后，无论体系中是否已经使用了MAPP，PP/WSP的拉伸、弯曲和冲击强度均可得以提高，特别对于未使用MAPP的体系，效果更加明显，可分别提高65.04 %、45.42 %和6.75 %，储能模量增加，表面疏水性增强，平衡扭矩从13.9 N·m降至11.8 N·m，吸水尺寸变化率及吸水率下降，吸水平衡时间缩短；使用EAA可改善PP/WSP中WSP与PP间的界面结合，改善PP/WSP力学性能、热稳定性能、表面疏水性能、尺寸稳定性能和加工性能，降低其吸水率。